Although an electrocardiogram (ECG) is an important diagnostic test, for many people, it is not the most comprehensive and appropriate cardiac test available. In some cases, the cardiologist may advise that a different cardiac test may be more beneficial, most likely an echocardiogram, also known as an echo. The cardiologist will tell you which test will be the most beneficial to you. This can depend on several factors, such as:
· The types of symptoms you are experiencing.
· The heart condition or disease the cardiologist suspects you have.
· Your cardiac history.
· Any previous cardiac tests or other health examinations you may have undergone.
Although echocardiograms and electrocardiograms have similar diagnostic capabilities, within cardiology, echoes are considered to be the more advanced and comprehensive cardiac test. Echoes provide highly accurate information regarding your heart health and function. Although ECGs can provide indications of your likely condition and diagnosis, an echocardiogram is deemed to be much more accurate in diagnosing heart conditions and assessing the structure and function of your heart.
Differences Between Echocardiograms and ECGs
An ECG measures the electrical activity and rhythm of your heart, the strength and timing of the electrical signals as they move around your heart and the size and positioning of the chambers of your heart. An ECG is used to check whether your heart is beating at a normal rate and rhythm.
During an ECG, electrodes will be attached to your chest and connected to an ECG machine. These electrodes detect the electrical signals that are transmitted every time your heart beats. This allows the cardiologist to assess the rhythm of your heart and the strength and timing of the electrical signals.
An echocardiogram is a type of heart ultrasound scan that assesses the size and structure of your heart and the surrounding blood vessels, the blood flow and how the valves of your heart open and close. It is used to detect a significant number of heart conditions, heart diseases and infections. It can also detect and assess any structural changes or damage to your heart.
During the echo, a probe sends high-frequency sound waves into your heart. These sound waves bounce off different parts of your heart and the surrounding areas to create a moving image of your heart. Both an ECG and an echo are painless and non-invasive. However, they both have very different functions and purposes, and the cardiologist will recommend the best cardiac test for you.
Why an Echocardiogram May Be Recommended
Your cardiologist may recommend an echocardiogram if you are experiencing concerning symptoms such as:
· chest pain
· shortness of breath
· swelling in your arms or legs
· dizziness, light-headedness or fainting episodes
· abnormal blood pressure (hypertension or hypotension)
· an irregular heartbeat
Echocardiograms are also frequently used to monitor pre-existing heart conditions and heart diseases or to check for damage to your heart following a heart attack.
You may also be recommended an echocardiogram if you previously had an ECG that showed some abnormalities.
